AI agents

Ten agents, a twin and an orchestrator. Each one bounded.

Every Orebex agent owns a step of the circuit, a declared tool set, the signals it watches and the setpoints it is allowed to move. Five named products ship them. The orchestrator plans, arbitrates and routes approvals; none of them acts outside the policy engine.

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10 agents · 1 twin · 1 orchestratorBounded tool setsEvery action logged

run_4b9e27 · agent graph · line 1 · scenario 10 nodes · 1 approval gate
01 · orchestrator ingest.shift ✓ SUCCEEDED 02 · oretwin twin.simulate ✓ SUCCEEDED 03 · crush_grind grind.setpoint ✓ SUCCEEDED 04 · grade_froth froth.read ✓ SUCCEEDED 05 · orchestrator approve.human ◆ APPROVAL 06 · float_reagent float.dose ✓ SUCCEEDED 07 · separate_classify classify.cyclone ✓ SUCCEEDED 08 · thicken_dewater dewater.thickener ✓ SUCCEEDED 09 · throughput_recovery optimise.targets ✓ SUCCEEDED 10 · quality_conf lot.release ✓ SUCCEEDED

Illustrative scenario: Line 1 · SAG and ball circuit, rougher bank 2 · copper porphyry blend, one shift, one approval gate

Agent roster

Ten agents, a twin and an orchestrator

Each agent owns a step of the circuit, a bounded tool set and a metric the plant already measures. They negotiate for shared actuators through the orchestrator, never directly. Five named products ship them.

agent.grade_froth · shipped as Frothix

Grade-and-Froth

Froth vision, online analyzers, particle size, mineralogy

Fuses froth-camera vision, online XRF and analyzer readings and particle-size sensors into a live, per-cell read of grade, recovery, froth condition (bubble size, velocity, stability, load), P80 and mineralogy. Predicts grade and recovery seconds after a change rather than hours later from the lab, and flags froth collapse, feed upsets and mineralogy shifts before they cost recovery. It is the perception the rest of the loop acts on.

froth.read_bankanalyzer.read_xrfpsa.read_p80

agent.crush_grind · shipped as Grindex

Crush-and-Grind

Crushing, SAG and ball milling, liberation size, mill energy

Controls crushing and SAG and ball milling to hit target liberation size (P80) and mill throughput without over-grinding. Reads mill load, power, feed rate and water with Frothix particle-size reads, estimates ore hardness from load and power signatures, and trades power against liberation continuously, holding the size flotation actually needs at the least kilowatt-hours per tonne. Grind moves are validated in the twin before they apply.

mill.read_loadmill.set_feedcyclone.set_water

agent.float_reagent · shipped as Floatex

Float-and-Reagent

Flotation cells, reagent dosing, air, pulp level, froth

Controls flotation banks, collector, frother and depressant dosing, air and pulp level to maximise the grade and recovery trade-off, acting on live froth, grade and mineralogy reads and validating reagent and air moves in the twin before applying them. Holds each cell at its best operating point as feed drifts. Reagent-scheme changes stay supervised by the metallurgist until the ore type is characterised.

reagent.set_doseair.set_ratelevel.set_pulp

agent.separate_classify

Separate-and-Classify

Cyclones, classification, gravity, magnetic and dense-media separation

Controls cyclone clusters, classification and gravity, magnetic and dense-media separation so the size and density splits feeding flotation and the concentrate stream stay where the plan put them. Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

cyclone.read_pressurecyclone.set_countseparator.set_split

agent.thicken_dewater

Thicken-and-Dewater

Thickeners, filtration, flocculant, tailings

Controls thickeners, filtration, flocculant dosing and tailings handling for concentrate and tailings streams: underflow density, overflow clarity, filter cycle and water recovery. Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

thickener.read_bedflocculant.set_dosefilter.set_cycle

agent.throughput_recovery · shipped as Recovex

Throughput-and-Recovery

Grade, recovery, throughput, energy, water, reagents, as one objective

Takes the live state from Frothix and the control headroom from Grindex and Floatex and solves the grade, recovery and throughput trade-off against energy, water and reagent constraints for the whole concentrator, then hands each agent its targets. Four competing local goals become one plant policy, recomputed as conditions change.

cuopt.solve_targetsmes.read_planenergy.budget

agent.circuit_takt · shipped as Recovex

Circuit-and-Takt

Circuit balance, feed variability, stabilisation

Balances the moving circuit and stabilises it against feed-grade, hardness and mineralogy variability so the control agents are not fighting an upset they could have seen coming. Shipped with Recovex.

feed.read_variabilitycircuit.balancesurge.set_level

agent.robot_handling

Robot-and-Handling

Robotic sampling, materials and reagent handling, inspection rovers

Drives robotic sampling routes, reagent tote inspection and handling, and inspection rovers across crushing, grinding and flotation areas. Skills are validated in Isaac Sim before they run on site, and robotics stays assistive until the site safety case is proven. Part of the platform.

isaac.plan_routesampler.take_samplesafety.check_zone

agent.quality_conf

Quality-and-Conformance

Concentrate spec, non-conformance, lot genealogy, environmental traceability

Builds the concentrate lot genealogy, dispositions against the concentrate specification with cited evidence, records non-conformance and keeps the environmental and water record every action touches. Part of the platform.

mes.log_lotdisposition.writeaudit.write

agent.metallurgy_knowledge

Metallurgy-Knowledge

Reagent schemes, flowsheets, geometallurgy, standards, operator Q&A

Answers process, metallurgy and geometallurgy questions from reagent schemes, flowsheet and geometallurgy specs, mining and environmental standards and recovery and genealogy procedures, with every answer cited to its source and scoped to the tenant. Part of the platform.

rag.retrievestandards.citeprocedure.lookup

twin.oretwin · shipped as Oretwin

Concentrator Twin

As-run concentrator simulation

Simulates crushing, grinding, flotation, classification and dewatering against the site's real telemetry so grade, recovery and throughput can be predicted, and control moves validated, before the shift. Grindex, Floatex and Recovex test every candidate move here first. Rare froth-collapse, feed-upset and mineralogy-shift cases that never appear in normal logs are generated for it.

twin.simulatetwin.compare_asrunplan.optimise

agent.orchestrator

Concentrator Orchestrator

Planning, arbitration, human approval

Plans the shift, arbitrates between agents competing for the same actuator, enforces the autonomy level and routes anything above the risk threshold, reagent-scheme changes first among them, to a named approver.

plan.composepolicy.evaluateapproval.request
Agent by agent

What each agent watches, moves and measures

No agent moves a setpoint it has not declared. The metric column is what a pilot on that agent would measure against the plant's baseline.

agent.grade_froth

Grade-and-Froth

Fuses froth-camera vision, online XRF and analyzer readings and particle-size sensors into a live, per-cell read of grade, recovery, froth condition (bubble size, velocity, stability, load), P80 and mineralogy. Predicts grade and recovery seconds after a change rather than hours later from the lab, and flags froth collapse, feed upsets and mineralogy shifts before they cost recovery. It is the perception the rest of the loop acts on.

Shipped as Frothix.

froth.read_bankanalyzer.read_xrfpsa.read_p80
Froth vision, online analyzers, particle size, mineralogy SUCCEEDED
WatchesFroth bubble size, velocity, stability and load per cell; online grade; P80; mineralogy proxies; lab assays as delayed labels
MovesNothing directly: it publishes circuit state and early warnings to the control agents and the twin
MetricFirst metric on a pilot bank: grade and recovery prediction accuracy against assay and the metallurgist baseline
agent.crush_grind

Crush-and-Grind

Controls crushing and SAG and ball milling to hit target liberation size (P80) and mill throughput without over-grinding. Reads mill load, power, feed rate and water with Frothix particle-size reads, estimates ore hardness from load and power signatures, and trades power against liberation continuously, holding the size flotation actually needs at the least kilowatt-hours per tonne. Grind moves are validated in the twin before they apply.

Shipped as Grindex.

mill.read_loadmill.set_feedcyclone.set_water
Crushing, SAG and ball milling, liberation size, mill energy SUCCEEDED
WatchesMill load and power, feed rate and hardness proxies, cyclone pressure, P80 from Frothix, energy per tonne
MovesFeed rate, mill speed where available, water addition and cyclone feed inside declared windows
MetricFirst metric: energy per tonne and P80 stability against the circuit baseline
agent.float_reagent

Float-and-Reagent

Controls flotation banks, collector, frother and depressant dosing, air and pulp level to maximise the grade and recovery trade-off, acting on live froth, grade and mineralogy reads and validating reagent and air moves in the twin before applying them. Holds each cell at its best operating point as feed drifts. Reagent-scheme changes stay supervised by the metallurgist until the ore type is characterised.

Shipped as Floatex.

reagent.set_doseair.set_ratelevel.set_pulp
Flotation cells, reagent dosing, air, pulp level, froth SUCCEEDED
WatchesFroth condition per cell, concentrate and tailings grade, reagent flows, air rates, pulp levels, feed grade
MovesAir rate and pulp level inside the envelope; collector, frother and depressant dose under metallurgist approval
MetricFirst metric: recovery gain or reagent per tonne against the bank baseline
agent.separate_classify

Separate-and-Classify

Controls cyclone clusters, classification and gravity, magnetic and dense-media separation so the size and density splits feeding flotation and the concentrate stream stay where the plan put them. Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

cyclone.read_pressurecyclone.set_countseparator.set_split
Cyclones, classification, gravity, magnetic and dense-media separation SUCCEEDED
WatchesCyclone feed pressure and density, overflow and underflow size, separator splits
MovesCyclones online, feed density and separator setpoints inside declared windows
MetricMeasured as classification efficiency and circulating load against the circuit baseline
agent.thicken_dewater

Thicken-and-Dewater

Controls thickeners, filtration, flocculant dosing and tailings handling for concentrate and tailings streams: underflow density, overflow clarity, filter cycle and water recovery. Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

thickener.read_bedflocculant.set_dosefilter.set_cycle
Thickeners, filtration, flocculant, tailings SUCCEEDED
WatchesBed level and pressure, underflow density, overflow clarity, flocculant flow, filter cake moisture, water recovered
MovesFlocculant dose, underflow pump rate and filter cycle inside declared windows
MetricMeasured as water recovered per tonne and concentrate moisture against baseline
agent.throughput_recovery

Throughput-and-Recovery

Takes the live state from Frothix and the control headroom from Grindex and Floatex and solves the grade, recovery and throughput trade-off against energy, water and reagent constraints for the whole concentrator, then hands each agent its targets. Four competing local goals become one plant policy, recomputed as conditions change.

Shipped as Recovex.

cuopt.solve_targetsmes.read_planenergy.budget
Grade, recovery, throughput, energy, water, reagents, as one objective SUCCEEDED
WatchesRecovery, grade, throughput, energy per tonne, water per tonne, reagent per tonne, metal price and constraints where a feed exists
MovesTargets handed to the control agents, never actuators directly
MetricMeasured as recovery, throughput, energy and water per tonne against the plant baseline
agent.circuit_takt

Circuit-and-Takt

Balances the moving circuit and stabilises it against feed-grade, hardness and mineralogy variability so the control agents are not fighting an upset they could have seen coming. Shipped with Recovex.

Shipped as Recovex.

feed.read_variabilitycircuit.balancesurge.set_level
Circuit balance, feed variability, stabilisation SUCCEEDED
WatchesFeed grade and hardness, stockpile and surge levels, circulating loads, bank residence times
MovesSurge and stockpile draw, circuit balance targets handed to the control agents
MetricMeasured as circuit stability and upset count against baseline
agent.robot_handling

Robot-and-Handling

Drives robotic sampling routes, reagent tote inspection and handling, and inspection rovers across crushing, grinding and flotation areas. Skills are validated in Isaac Sim before they run on site, and robotics stays assistive until the site safety case is proven. Part of the platform.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

isaac.plan_routesampler.take_samplesafety.check_zone
Robotic sampling, materials and reagent handling, inspection rovers SUCCEEDED
WatchesSample schedule, tote and reagent state, rover position, safety zones
MovesSampling routes, inspection routes, handling tasks inside interlocked limits
MetricMeasured as samples taken on schedule and manual handling removed
agent.quality_conf

Quality-and-Conformance

Builds the concentrate lot genealogy, dispositions against the concentrate specification with cited evidence, records non-conformance and keeps the environmental and water record every action touches. Part of the platform.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

mes.log_lotdisposition.writeaudit.write
Concentrate spec, non-conformance, lot genealogy, environmental traceability SUCCEEDED
WatchesEvery grind, reagent, air, level, dewatering and optimisation action on the lot, with its assays and approvals
MovesRelease, hold and non-conformance decisions, written for metallurgist sign-off
MetricMeasured as release records complete and non-conformance cycle time
agent.metallurgy_knowledge

Metallurgy-Knowledge

Answers process, metallurgy and geometallurgy questions from reagent schemes, flowsheet and geometallurgy specs, mining and environmental standards and recovery and genealogy procedures, with every answer cited to its source and scoped to the tenant. Part of the platform.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

rag.retrievestandards.citeprocedure.lookup
Reagent schemes, flowsheets, geometallurgy, standards, operator Q&A SUCCEEDED
WatchesReagent schemes, flowsheets, ore-type history, standards, corrective-action history
MovesNothing. It informs operators and the other agents and cites what it used
MetricMeasured as citation coverage on every answer
twin.oretwin

Concentrator Twin

Simulates crushing, grinding, flotation, classification and dewatering against the site's real telemetry so grade, recovery and throughput can be predicted, and control moves validated, before the shift. Grindex, Floatex and Recovex test every candidate move here first. Rare froth-collapse, feed-upset and mineralogy-shift cases that never appear in normal logs are generated for it.

Shipped as Oretwin.

twin.simulatetwin.compare_asrunplan.optimise
As-run concentrator simulation SUCCEEDED

As-run concentrator simulation.

agent.orchestrator

Concentrator Orchestrator

Plans the shift, arbitrates between agents competing for the same actuator, enforces the autonomy level and routes anything above the risk threshold, reagent-scheme changes first among them, to a named approver.

Part of the platform, included in the Concentrator tier.

plan.composepolicy.evaluateapproval.request
Planning, arbitration, human approval SUCCEEDED

Planning, arbitration, human approval.

Run timeline · scenario

One scenario run, step by step

Every Orebex run is an ordered, inspectable sequence. This is run_4b9e27 on Line 1 · SAG and ball circuit, rougher bank 2 · copper porphyry blend. Scenario completes in 10 steps with one approval gate. P80 held at 148 µm as the blend hardened, froth stability recovered on rougher bank 2 after an air trim, a collector-dose change was approved by the shift metallurgist, predicted recovery held inside the plan, lot C-20931 released with full genealogy.

run_4b9e27 Line 1 · SAG and ball circuit, rougher bank 2 · copper porphyry blend illustrative scenario SUCCEEDED
  1. 01 ingest.shift SUCCEEDED 0.7 s

    Concentrator Orchestrator · Pulled the shift plan from the concentrator MES: copper porphyry blend B-14, P80 target 150 µm, concentrate grade at or above 25% Cu, recovery target per the geometallurgy model, energy and water budgets. Locked the operating envelope for the blend.

  2. 02 twin.simulate SUCCEEDED 58 s

    Concentrator Twin · Simulated 32 candidate grind, air and reagent schemes on the as-run twin for the hardening blend, ranked on predicted recovery, concentrate grade, kWh per tonne and water per tonne. Two candidates breached the thickener bed limit and were discarded.

  3. 03 grind.setpoint SUCCEEDED 3 m 40 s

    Crush-and-Grind · SAG-1 feed trimmed 3% and cyclone water raised as load and power signatures read a harder feed. P80 from the particle-size analyzer held at 148 µm against the 150 µm target; mill power stayed inside the energy budget.

  4. 04 froth.read SUCCEEDED continuous

    Grade-and-Froth · Twelve froth cameras and the online XRF on rougher bank 2 fused at the edge. Froth stability on cells 3 and 4 fell as the blend hardened; predicted recovery drifted 0.4 points below plan. Early warning published to the control agents.

  5. 05 approve.human APPROVAL 1 m 12 s

    Concentrator Orchestrator · Scheme #7 raises collector dose 6% on rougher bank 2, above the standing reagent scheme. Reagent-scheme changes stay supervised on this blend, so the step was held for the shift metallurgist and approved at 07:19:44.

  6. 06 float.dose SUCCEEDED 2 m 05 s

    Float-and-Reagent · Approved collector dose applied with an air trim of 4% down on cells 3 and 4 inside the envelope. Froth stability recovered within eight minutes; predicted recovery returned to plan with concentrate grade read at 25.6% Cu.

  7. 07 classify.cyclone SUCCEEDED 42 s

    Separate-and-Classify · One cyclone brought online in cluster 1 as feed density rose with the hardness change, holding overflow size and circulating load inside the plan.

  8. 08 dewater.thickener SUCCEEDED continuous

    Thicken-and-Dewater · Tailings thickener TH-2 flocculant dose trimmed as bed pressure rose; underflow density held and overflow clarity stayed inside the water-recovery target.

  9. 09 optimise.targets SUCCEEDED 18 s

    Throughput-and-Recovery · Whole-plant targets recomputed for the hardened blend: feed rate, P80, air and reagent targets handed to the control agents with recovery, grade, energy and water inside the budget. The losing candidates and their scores are in the run record.

  10. 10 lot.release SUCCEEDED 1 m 30 s

    Quality-and-Conformance · Concentrate lot C-20931 released: genealogy written (blend, grind record, reagent and air moves, froth and grade reads, approvals, dewatering record, assays as they land) and dispositioned against the concentrate spec with cited evidence for the metallurgist's sign-off.

Multi-agent handoff

Agents negotiate, they do not collide

Two agents will want the same actuator. The orchestrator arbitrates on the run goal, not on who asked first, and the handoff is logged like any other step.

Contested move: rougher bank 2 air rate

  1. 01throughput_recovery.request(air +5%) SUCCEEDED0.2 s

    Throughput-and-Recovery wants more air on bank 2 to lift recovery against the shift plan.

  2. 02grade_froth.request(air −4%) SUCCEEDED0.2 s

    Grade-and-Froth reports froth stability falling on cells 3 and 4 and asks for less air to protect concentrate grade.

  3. 03orchestrator.arbitrate SUCCEEDED0.4 s

    Grade at or above 25% Cu is a hard constraint in the run goal; recovery is the objective. Grade-and-Froth wins the actuator for 20 minutes, inside the envelope.

  4. 04throughput_recovery.handoff(returned) SUCCEEDED20 min

    Actuator returned. Throughput-and-Recovery pursues recovery through the approved collector dose instead. Grade holds.

Illustrative scenario.

Arbitration rules

  • Run goal first. Every request is scored against the declared goal, not the requesting agent's local objective.
  • Constraints outrank objectives. A concentrate grade floor, a water budget or a tailings limit is never traded for a recovery point.
  • The envelope is never contested. Both requests must sit inside the approved operating envelope; anything outside goes to a human.
  • Time-boxed ownership. An agent holds a contested actuator for a bounded time, then must re-justify.
  • Everything is logged. The losing request, the score and the reason all appear in the run record.
  • Deadlocks escalate to a human rather than resolving by timeout.

See the agent roster

Autonomy

Four levels, set per agent and per tag

A concentrator does not go from manual to unattended in one step. Orebex makes the level explicit, auditable and reversible at any time. The first release runs shadow mode, then assist mode, then bounded autonomy on low-risk grinding and flotation loops. Reagent-scheme changes stay supervised until the ore type is characterised.

Autonomy levels and the human role at each
LevelWhat the agent doesWhat the human doesWhere it sits in a pilot
L1 · ShadowReads froth, analyzer, particle, mill, flotation, dewatering, robot and MES signals; predicts and recommends; writes nothingRuns the circuit as today; compares predictions to assays and metallurgist outcomesShadow mode, baseline measured first
L2 · AssistProposes grind, reagent, air, froth and dewatering moves with evidence, confidence, envelope and rollback pathApproves each action in the review consoleAssist mode, the remainder of a 90 to 120 day pilot
L3 · BoundedExecutes pre-approved low-risk grinding and flotation loop moves: feed, water, air, level, flocculant, cyclones online, inside APC, DCS and envelope limitsApproves reagent-scheme changes and lot releaseGraduated autonomy, after audited accuracy and ROI
L4 · Constrained auto-controlSupervised reagent-scheme adaptation for characterised ore types, across circuits and sitesSets the envelope; reviews the shift record and the evaluation resultsPlanned; after golden-dataset evaluation, twin validation and metallurgist sign-off
Guardrails

An agent that can move a reagent pump needs a leash

Orebex writes to production equipment. Every capability is scoped, every write is policy-checked against the operating envelope, and every action is written to an append-only audit log the plant owns.

  • Bounded action space. Each agent writes only to an explicit tag allow-list, inside per-tag rate and magnitude limits and the operating envelope for the blend.
  • Policy engine before every write. Autonomy level, shift, ore type, interlock state, water and tailings constraints and metallurgist policy are evaluated before a setpoint moves.
  • Human-in-the-loop gates. Reagent-scheme changes and lot release wait for a named approver. Robotics stays assistive until the site safety case is proven.
  • Immutable audit log. Append-only and exportable. Every action records source evidence, the envelope applied, confidence, estimated recovery, grade, energy, water and reagent impact, rollback path, approver and lot scope.
  • Hard fallback. Loss of the edge node, the network or a model returns control to the APC or DCS last known-good state. Interlocks are never in Orebex's path, and the edge runs fail-safe through a network outage.
  • Tenant and ore-body isolation. Ore-body data, geometallurgy models, reagent schemes and recovery records never cross a customer boundary. On-prem and edge deployment is available for remote sites.

Compliance posture

ItemScopeStatus
SOC 2 Type ICloud control plane QUEUED Planned, first 6 months
SOC 2 Type IICloud control plane QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months
SSO and RBACConsole and approvals QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months
Environmental and water assurance packagesRecovery, energy, water and tailings evidence QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months; not a certification claim
Standards-cited reasoningISO, ICMM, tailings and water governance documents RUNNING In the design, every answer cites its source
Per-tenant and ore-body isolationOre data, schemes, models, memory RUNNING In the design from day one
On-prem and plant-edge deploymentRemote and IP-sensitive sites RUNNING Design option

Read the security overview

FAQ

Straight answers

The questions processing managers, metallurgists and sustainability leads ask in the first meeting.

Yes, but only within an explicit tag allow-list with per-tag rate and magnitude limits, inside the operating envelope for the blend, and only at the autonomy level your plant has set. Design partners start in shadow mode, where Orebex writes nothing. Reagent-scheme changes stay supervised by a named metallurgist until the ore type is characterised.

Get started

Put one agent on one circuit

Start with one grinding or flotation circuit and one measurable baseline. A paid pilot on froth-vision recovery control, grind-size energy or reagent dosing shows the number before you commit further.

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